New advancements in 3-D designs for neural tissue engineering
[embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4aC6fmhX91w[/embed]
Posted on 05/11/2015
Neurological diseases and injuries are the greatest challenges in modern medicine because of the few effectively treating or diagnoses. However, recent research work suggests a special approach for reconstructing damaged neural tissue. Those 3D tissue constructs are grown on nanofiber scaffolding with a supportive hydrogel by using stem cells. This technique is unique as it combines nanofiber scaffolding with biochemical cues. Scientists are surprised by the neurons that can grow long neurite extensions tracking along the coated nanofibers in a few days. Nevertheless, this invention has its weakness. One of the defects is that no guidance is given for what the cells should do when they are implanted. This unidirectional growth may lead to unwanted phenotype. The probabilities of the cells achieving their intended function is much greater by using signaling molecules and three-dimensional topographical to guide the stem cells. Guiding and protecting the cells when they are transplanted is the most vital mission in this innovation. Thus, infrastructure such as nanofibers, biochemical cues, and hydrogel composites are crucial in cell protection. Besides, those materials will biodegrade after a few weeks while patients have to learn how to use and adapt to these new connections before this period. The most crucial aim of this technology is to create new capabilities guiding neural extensions, studying neural functions, and achieving functional reconstruction of neural architecture in the brain and spinal cord.
[embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3QQriQ3-19I[/embed]
Comment: In my opinion, those new designs for 3D tissue constructs are really useful and practical in either neuroengineering or regenerative medicine. The advantage of this invention is to construct and study simple artificial neural networks, test new drugs, and investigat models of human neurological diseases on tissue-like structures in a dish. We can explore complicate neurological diseases and processes in human cells rather than in animal models in vitro with this technology. The ultimate goal is to improve the medical situation and cure of patients suffering with neurological diseases.
Reference:
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150406100955.htm
http://www.neuralregeneration.org/